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Business Plan

Business Plan: practical guides and steps

4 guides on the topic “Business Plan”: legal obligations, concrete procedures, costs and deadlines.

A business plan describes your project, then shows that it can become a viable activity. It helps you convince a bank, an investor or a public authority. These guides serve founders in Belgium and France who want a solid application.

What a business plan contains

The structure varies with the reader, but the main blocks stay the same. First comes the story of the project, then its figures.

1A clear summary: activity, status, location and timeline.
2The founder's profile and its link with the project.
3The offer, the prices and the concrete benefit for the customer.
4The market, the target customers and the competition.
5The sales strategy and the first signs of interest.
6The resources needed: tools, premises, insurance and funding.
7A multi-year financial forecast.

The figures rest on three tables that must fit together: the income statement, monthly cash flow and financing. Our complete guide to the financial forecast explains how to build them step by step.

Winning over a bank

A credit analyst does not fund an idea, but a consistent file. Above all, the analyst checks that turnover assumptions rest on tangible evidence. The review also covers the personal contribution, the director's planned pay and cash flow in the first months. A cautious scenario often reassures more than spectacular growth. Also show how you would react if sales start more slowly.

Our advice on convincing your bank details the seven mistakes that sink an application. In Belgium, setting up an SRL also requires a separate financial document for the notary. Our guide to the financial requirements for a new SRL describes its content.

International students in France: a special case

In France, a non-EU student can apply for an “entrepreneur/liberal profession” residence permit. The business plan then becomes the core of the application. It must show the project's economic viability and sufficient means of subsistence. Since 17 May 2026, the request for a viability opinion also relies on a national list of supporting documents.

Timing matters as much as content. You prepare the application before your student permit expires. Our guide to the business plan for a change of status details the expected sections. Also read the seven mistakes that weaken an application before filing.

Mistakes to avoid

  • Setting a hoped-for turnover with no link to price and volume.
  • Forgetting costs: contributions, insurance, software or accounting.
  • Confusing profitability with cash.
  • Ignoring your own pay.
  • Showing a single scenario, always optimistic.

Every assumption should fit into one sentence. Keep the document up to date too, since a business plan evolves with the project. For France, always check the official list on Service Public. For Belgium, the FPS Economy publishes information on starting a business.